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1.
J. Health Sci. Inst ; 37(2): 174-177, jan-mar 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1354948

ABSTRACT

Desde os primórdios, a humanidade tem procurado maneiras de substituir tecidos vivos lesados, utilizando como substitutos substâncias sintéticas ou naturais, as quais, são chamadas na atualidade de biomateriais. Com a necessidade de reconstruções envolvendo tecidos ósseos perdidos, levou-se ao aprimoramento técnico e avanço dos estudos de tais materiais, a fim de substituir ou otimizar os procedimentos cirúrgicos de enxerto em humanos. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever por meio de uma revisão da literatura os tipos e propriedades dos enxertos utilizados atualmente em odontologia. A literatura mostra que propriedades como osteocondutividade, osteoindução, dentre outras, são extremamente importantes quando da escolha do material a ser utilizado para enxertia. Além disso, a origem destes materiais, sejam eles autógenos, alógenos, xenógenos ou aloplásticos, apresentam indicações precisas para que se tenha sucesso no procedimento a ser realizado, que com o constante crescimento na área de enxertia, vários produtos surgem na odontologia atual, sendo os mesmos, utilizados em íntimo contato com tecidos biológicos como polpa, dentina, tecido periodontal e osso alveolar


From the earliest days, mankind has been looking for ways to replace damaged living tissue, using as substitutes synthetic or natural substances, which are now called biomaterials. With the necessity of reconstructions involving lost bone tissues, it was led to the technical improvement and advancement of the studies of such materials, to replace or optimize the graft surgical procedures in humans. The objetive of this article to describe, through a review of the literature, the types and properties of grafts currently used in dentistry. The literature shows that properties such as osteoconductivity, osteoinduction, among others, are extremely important when choosing the material to be used for grafting. In addition, the origin of these materials, be they autogenous, allogeneic, xenogeneic, or alloplastic, present precise indications for the success of the procedure to be performed, that with the constant growth around grafting, several products appear in the current dentistry, being the same, used in close contact with biological tissues such as pulp, dentin, periodontal tissue, and alveolar bone

2.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 28(1)jan.-mar. 2018. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-906856

ABSTRACT

A diabetes mellitus é uma condição que pode estar ou não associada ao caráter hereditário, em que há pouca ou nenhuma liberação de insulina ou o organismo não é capaz de utilizar adequadamente a insulina produzida. Para o tratamento odontológico desses pacientes, é necessário ter conhecimento do controle glicêmico por meio do valor de hemoglobina glicada; avaliar histórico de crises de hipoglicemia; realizar consultas curtas e no período da manhã. Dentre as comorbidades dessa patologia, podemos citar a doença cardiovascular, que pode ser encontrada de várias maneiras, dentre elas na forma de síndrome coronariana aguda. O tratamento desses indivíduos deve ser sempre realizado de forma multidisciplinar. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é, por meio de um relato de caso clínico, discutir a abordagem cirúrgica odontológica de um paciente com ambas as patologias citadas acima, em uso terapêutico de anticoagulante, antiagregante e hipoglicemiante oral


Diabetes mellitus is a condition that may or may not be hereditary, in which either there is little or no insulin release, or the body is not capable of properly utilizing the insulin produced. For dental treatment of these patients, it is necessary to be aware of glycemic control through the glycated hemoglobin level; to assess the history of hypoglycemia crises; and to provide short appointments during the mornings. One of the comorbidities of this pathology is cardiovascular disease, which can be found in several forms, including acute coronary syndrome. These individuals should always be treated in a multidisciplinary way. Thus, the aim of the present work is to discuss, through a clinical case report, the dental surgical approach to a patient with both of the above pathologies, under use of anticoagulant, antiplatelet drug, and oral hypoglycemic agent


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Surgery, Oral/methods , Diabetes Mellitus , Acute Coronary Syndrome/physiopathology , Mouth Rehabilitation/methods , Warfarin/therapeutic use , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Aspirin/therapeutic use , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Metformin/therapeutic use , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use
3.
Braz. dent. sci ; 18(3): 98-106, 2015. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-772993

ABSTRACT

Muitos sistemas adesivos foram desenvolvidos na última década. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliara resistência adesiva ao cisalhamaneto (RAC)de bráquetes ortodônticos aderidos com primer convencional (PC) ou primer auto-condicionante (PAC), submetidos à ciclagem térmica (CT) e ciclagem térmico-mecânica (CTM). Incisivos bovinos (n =90)foram randomicamente divididos em 2 grupos (n =45) para a colagem dos bráquetes: XT (Transbond XT, 3M-Unitek, CA, USA); SEP (Transbond Plus SEP,3M-Unitek, CA, USA). Após o procedimento adesivo os grupos forma subdivididos em 3 sub-grupos: SC(sem ciclagem) – 1 e 4 (n =15 cada); CTM (ciclagem térmico-mecânica)- 2 e 5 (n = 15 cada); CT (ciclagem térmica)- 3 e 6 (n = 15 cada). Um simulador de fadiga térmica foi usado para os subgrupos 3 e 6, que fioram submetidos a 500 ciclos térmicos entre 5 and 55 C (ISO 11405). Os subgrupos 2 e 5 foram submetidos à ciclagem térmico-mecânica em um simulador de fadiga. Os espécimes foram colocados em uma basede metal num ângulo de 45 e os braquetes receberam impulsos de 1 bar e 4 Hz de frequência, por uma agulha de metal de 2.5 mm de diâmetro fixada na haste superior do equipamento. Foram submetidos a 100.000 ciclos mecânicos e 500 ciclos térmicos entre 5 and 55 C. O teste de RAC foi realizado emuma máquina universal de testes (1mm/min). Após orompimento da união foi realizada uma avaliação emmicroscopia óptica para avaliar a penetração adesivae o Índice de Permanência do Adesivo (IPA) sobreo esmalte. Os resultados mostraram maiores valores de RAC (14,70 ± 4,85 MPa) para o SEP. A CT não influenciou os resultados para o XT (NC- 11,44 MPa;TC - 11,20 MPa; TMC - 11,19 MPa), enquanto para oSEP, a CTM mostrou maiores valores (16,84 MPa)...


Several adhesive systems have been developed in the last decade. The aim of the current studywas to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded with conventional primers (XT) or self-etching primers (SEP), by means of thermocycling (TC) and thermomechanical(TM) procedures. 90 bovine incisors were randomly divided into 2 groups (45 specimens each) for brackets bonding: XT (Transbond XT, 3M-Unitek,CA, USA); SEP (Transbond Plus SEP, 3M-Unitek,CA, USA). After bonding, groups were divided into 3subgroups: NC (no cycling)- 1 and 4 (n = 15 each),TMC – 2 and 5 (n =15 each); and TC- 3 and 6 (n=15 each). The fatigue simulator was used for thethermal fatigue test of groups 3 and 6, which were submitted to thermal variation cycles - 500 cyles were carried out in between 5 and 55 C ( ISO 11405). Groups 2 and 5 were submitted to thermomechanicaltests by using the mechanical fatigue simulator. Thespecimens were placed at a metal base at an angleof 45, in a way that the 2.5 mm diameter metalneedle was fixed in the upper part of the cyclingmachine and could induce impulses of 1 bar loadintensity and 4 Hz frequency (4 cycles per second)on the bracket. The samples were submitted to 100000 mechanical cycles and 500 thermal cycles which varied from 5C to 55C. The SBS test was performed in a universal testing machine (1 mm/min). Afterdebonding, optic microscopic evaluation for adhesive penetration and Adhesive Remaining Index (ARI)analyses in the enamel surface were performed.The results showed higher SBS (14.70 ± 4.85 MPa)values for SEP. The SBS remained similar despitecycling (NC-11.44 MPa; TC-11.20 MPa; TMC-11.19MPa) for XT, meanwhile for SEP, ...


Subject(s)
Cattle , Orthodontic Brackets , Shear Strength , Materials Testing
5.
Braz. oral res ; 25(6): 562-567, Nov.-Dec. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-608027

ABSTRACT

Acid erosion is a superficial loss of enamel caused by chemical processes that do not involve bacteria. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as the presence of acid substances in the oral cavity, may cause a pH reduction, thus potentially increasing acid erosion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microhardness of bleached and unbleached bovine enamel after immersion in a soda beverage, artificial powder juice and hydrochloric acid. The results obtained for the variables of exposure time, acid solution and substrate condition (bleached or unbleached enamel) were statistically analyzed by the ANOVA and Tukey tests. It was concluded that a decrease in microhardness renders dental structures more susceptible to erosion and mineral loss, and that teeth left unbleached show higher values of microhardness compared to bleached teeth.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Acids/adverse effects , Dental Enamel/drug effects , Hardness/drug effects , Hydrogen Peroxide/adverse effects , Tooth Bleaching/adverse effects , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Citrates/adverse effects , Dental Enamel/chemistry , Gastric Juice/chemistry , Hardness Tests/methods , Random Allocation , Surface Properties , Time Factors , Tooth Erosion/chemically induced
6.
Braz. oral res ; 24(1): 64-69, Jan.-Mar. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-541515

ABSTRACT

The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the photoactivation effects of QTH (Quartz-Tungsten-Halogen) and LED (Light-Emitting Diode) on the SBS (Shear Bond Strength) of orthodontic brackets at different debond times. Seventy-two bovine lower incisors were randomly divided into two groups according to the photoactivation system used (QTH or LED). The enamel surfaces were conditioned with Transbond self-etching primer, and APC (Adhesive Pre-Coated) brackets were used in all specimens. Group I was cured with QTH for 20 s and Group II with LED for 10 s. Both groups were subdivided according to the different experimental times after bonding (immediately, 24 h and 7 days). The specimens were tested for SBS and the enamel surfaces were analyzed according to the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). The statistical analysis included the Tukey's test to evaluate the main effects of photoactivation and debond time on SBS. The Chi-square test was used to compare the ARI values found for each group, and no statistically significant difference was observed. The debond time of 7 days for QTH photoactivation showed statistically greater values of SBS when compared to the immediate and 24 h periods. There was no statistically significant difference between the QTH and LED groups immediately and after the 24 h period. In conclusion, bonding orthodontic brackets with LED photoactivation for 10 s is suggested because it requires a reduced clinical chair time.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Curing Lights, Dental , Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives/methods , Orthodontic Brackets , Shear Strength/radiation effects , Acid Etching, Dental , Dental Debonding , Materials Testing , Resin Cements/radiation effects , Surface Properties/radiation effects , Time Factors
7.
Acta odontol. venez ; 46(4): 451-459, 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-630049

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del estudio era el de analizar radiográficamente los efectos del risedronato de sodio (OSG Norwich Pharmaceticals, U. S. UN.) y del raloxifeno clorhidrato (Eli Lirio & Compañía Ltda, ING. ) En la reparación ósea en ratones osteopénicos. Se utilizó cincuenta ratones divididos en cinco grupos de 10 animales: (I) SHAM, (II) Castrado, (III) Castrados y tratados con risedronato 1mg/kg/dia, (IV) Castrados y tratados con raloxifeno 1mg/kg/día y (V) Castrados y tratados con raloxifeno 3mg/kg/día. Después de treinta días de la castración se les produjo heridas en el hueso de 3 mm de en las de tibias derechas. Entre 7 y 28 días de tratamiento los ratones fueron sacrificados y las tibias evaluadas considerando la densidad óptica radiográfica de la región de la reparación del defecto óseo por medio del sistema digital RVG Trophy y Programa de Imagen Tool® 2,03. Los resultados fueron sometidos al ANOVA y al Test de Tukey (p?0,05). Los datos mostraron que a los 7 días de observación los grupos I y II fueron estadísticamente semejantes en relación al grado de densidad radiográfica, así como los demás grupos entre sí. A los 28 días el grupo V presentó los valores de densidad radiográfica superior y estadísticamente significativos con respecto a los grupos II, III y IV y semejante al grupo I. Los grupos III y IV fueron semejantes entre sí y estadísticamente superior al grupo II. Se concluyó que el raloxifeno en dosis de 3mg/kg/dia presentó mejor desempeño en el proceso de reparación ósea, siendo semejante al grupo SHAM a los 28 días. El efecto del raloxifeno se mostró dosis dependiente, a los 28 días, en las posologias testadas


The aim of this study was to analyse radiographically the effects of sodium risedronate (OSG Norwich Pharmaceticals, EUA) and raloxifene hydrochloride (Eli Lilly & Company Ltd; ING.) in bone repair of male rats with osteopenia. 50 animals were divided in 5 groups of 10: (I) SHAM, (II) Castrated rats, (III) Castrated rats treated with 1mg/kg/day risedronate, (IV) Castrated rats treated with 1mg/kg/day raloxifene and (V) Castrated rats treated with 3mg/kg/day raloxifene. 30 days after castration, a 3 mm bone defect was made in the right tibia of the animals. After 7 and 28 days of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the tibias were removed for analysis of radiographic optical density by the digital system RVG Trophy and the Image Programme Tool 2.03®. All data collected were analysed by ANOVA and the Tukey´s Test (p?0.05). The results showed that at 7 days of bone repair, groups I and II had similar and statistically significant values of optical density while the other groups had similar values among themselves. At 28 days of bone repair, group V showed greater and statistically significant values of optical density compared to groups II, III and IV, but similar values to group I. Groups III and IV had similar values between themselves but greater and statistically significant values than group II. It could be concluded that 3 mg/kg/day raloxifene had a better performance in bone repair when compared to the other groups, similar results to group I and a dose-dependent relation at 28 days


Subject(s)
Rats , Bone Diseases, Metabolic , Hormone Replacement Therapy , Bone and Bones/pathology , Mice , Osteoporosis , Raloxifene Hydrochloride/administration & dosage , Raloxifene Hydrochloride/pharmacokinetics , Dentistry
8.
Ciênc. odontol. bras ; 10(3): 81-89, jul.-set. 2007. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-500845

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do estudo foi de analisar radiograficamente os efeitos do risedronato e do cloridrato de raloxifeno na reparaçãoóssea de ratas osteopênicas. Utilizou-se cinqüenta ratas divididas em cinco grupos de 10 animais cada: (I) SHAM, (II)ovariectomizadas (OVZ), (III) OVZ e tratadas com risedronato 1mg/kg/dia, (IV) OVZ e tratadas com raloxifeno 1mg/kg/dia e (V) OVZ e tratadas com raloxifeno 3mg/kg/dia . Após trinta dias da ovariectomia executaram-se lesões ósseasde 3 mm de ∅ nas tíbias direitas. Após 7 e 28 dias de tratamento as ratas foram sacrificadas e as tíbias avaliadas quanto àdensidade radiográfica da região de reparação do defeito ósseo por meio do sistema digital RVG Trophy e programa ImageTool 2.03. Os dados da análise da densidade óptica radiográfica foram submetidos à ANOVA e Teste de Tukey (p≤0,05).Os resultados mostraram que aos 28 dias os grupos I e V apresentaram valores de densidade mineral óssea superiores eestatisticamente significantes em relação aos grupos II e IV e semelhantes ao grupo III. Além disso, o grupo III obtevedensidade mineral óssea estatísticamente superior ao grupo II e semelhante ao grupo IV. Concluiu-se que o raloxifenona dose de 3mg/kg/dia e o risedronato na dose de 1mg/kg/dia, aceleraram o processo de reparação óssea, apresentandoefeito semelhante ao grupo SHAM. O efeito do raloxifeno na reparação óssea mostrou-se dose-dependente.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Diphosphonates , Bone Diseases, Metabolic , Raloxifene Hydrochloride , Bone Regeneration , Hormone Replacement Therapy , Bone Density , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
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